Integration of biological method and membrane technology in treating palm oil mill e uent

Palm oil industry is the most important agro-industry in Malaysia, but its by-product–palm oil mill e uent (POME), posed a great threat to water environment. In the past decades, several treatment and disposal methods have been proposed and investigated to solve this problem. A two-stage pilot-scale plant was designed and constructed for POME treatment. Anaerobic digestion and aerobic biodegradation constituted the first biological stage, while ultrafiltration (UF) and reverse osmosis (RO) membrane units were combined as the second membrane separation stage. In the anaerobic expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactor, about 43% organic matter in POME was converted into biogas, and COD reduction e ciency reached 93% and 22% in EGSB and the following aerobic reactor, respectively.With the treatment in the first biological stage, suspended solids and oil also decreased to a low degree. All these alleviated the membrane fouling and prolonged the membrane life. In the membrane process unit, almost all the suspended solids were captured by UF membranes, while RO membrane excluded most of the dissolved solids or inorganic salts from RO permeate. After the whole treatment processes, organic matter in POME expressed by BOD and COD was removed almost thoroughly. Suspended solids and color were not detectable in RO permeate any more, and mineral elements only existed in trace amount (except for K and Na). The high-quality e uent was crystal clear and could be used as the boiler feed water.     

Integration of biological method and membrane technology in treating palm oil mill effluent

Palm oil industry is the most important agro-industry in Malaysia, but its by-product-palm oil mill effluent (POME), posed a great threat to water environment. In the past decades, several treatment and disposal methods have been proposed and investigated to solve this problem. A two-stage pilot-scale plant was designed and constructed for POME treatment. Anaerobic digestion and aerobic biodegradation constituted the first biological stage, while ultrafiltration (UF) and reverse osmosis (RO) membrane units were combined as the second membrane separation stage. In the anaerobic expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactor, about 43% organic matter in POME was converted into biogas, and COD reduction efficiency reached 93% and 22% in EGSB and the following aerobic reactor, respectively. With the treatment in the first biological stage, suspended solids and oil also decreased to a low degree. All these alleviated the membrane fouling and prolonged the membrane life. In the membrane process unit, almost all the suspended solids were captured by UF membranes, while RO membrane excluded most of the dissolved solids or inorganic salts from RO permeate. After the whole treatment processes, organic matter in POME expressed by BOD and COD was removed almost thoroughly. Suspended solids and color were not detectable in RO permeate any more, and mineral elements only existed in trace amount (except for K and Na). The high-quality effluent was crystal clear and could be used as the boiler feed water.     

淮南矿业集团谢桥煤矿矿井水资源化利用

随着淮南矿业集团谢桥煤矿的发展,矿区生产和生活用水量日趋紧张,解决缺水问题的有效途径是合理开发利用矿井水资源。在此论述了煤矿矿井水资源化的必要性,给出了矿井水处理工艺流程、主要建（构）筑物、主要设备等,说明了开发利用矿井水资源具有良好的社会、环境和经济效益。     

无烟粉精煤生产优质造气型煤的研究

介绍了新研制的桃水造气型煤,论术了无烟粉精煤的性质,XMK型复合粘结剂的研究,复合粘结剂的作用机理、造气型煤的特性和生产工艺、工业造气试验。结果表明:桃水造气型煤是替代块煤的新型优质化肥造气原料。     

关于钢铁企业全膜法制取脱盐水工艺原水选择的探讨

全膜法制水系统,即超滤加二级反渗透工艺,已广泛应用于钢铁企业脱盐水的制取。为实现节能减排,越来越多的钢铁企业追求将工业污水收集后处理制成脱盐水和回用水用于生产。从全厂水量平衡、水质平衡的角度,对分别采用工业新水和工业污水作为制取脱盐水原水的工艺进行了分析比较,论证了采用工业污水作为制取脱盐水的原水是否可以真正的实现节能减排,可作为实际工程的参考。     

微滤－反渗透工艺在化工废水回用中的应用

微滤－反渗透是迅速崛起的一门分离技术,它在环境保护的水处理中有着广泛的应用,是实现污水资源化的关键技术,某化工集团废水处理工程的深度处理工艺采用该技术。对该技术的理论基础、工艺的比选与确定等作了介绍,并对今后工程调试运行提出建议。     

大庆石油炼化厂废水深加工回用工程研究

为实现十一五大庆炼化石油节能减排,扩大再生产需要的高质量循环水和锅炉用水需要,用二次生化后排放污水经碟式过滤器——超滤—高级氧化——动态活性炭——动态生物膜沙滤+反渗透组合工艺处理废水回用生产。该工程规模600t/h,设计循环补充水量280t/h,锅炉用水补充量250t/h,是典型污水工厂管道化处理工程。工艺先进,设备板块简单,适应石油炼化、煤化工、钢铁、铜业电厂和城市污水深加工项目。     

Effect of organic matter and pH on mercury release from soils

An investigation was conducted on the effect of organic matter(OM)and pH on mercury(Hg)release from soils.Hg release flux was measured using the dynamic flux chamber(DFC)combined with the Lumex multifunctional mercury analyzer in both laboratory experiment and field monitoring.The results showed that Hg emission from the OM-added soils was apparently low because of the high affinity of OM to Hg,resulting in the reverse order as the amount of OM addition.Meanwhile,Hg release flux from different pH value soils exhibited the same trend for both Hg~(2 )and Hg_2~(2 )treatment,increasing the Hg flux with pH value of soils increasing.The trend of Hg release in the pH dependence experiment has been well in agreement with that from the field test.In addition,Hg release seemed to be related to its species in the soil,the flux from Hg~(2 )-added soil was obviously higher than that of Hg_2~(2 )-added soil by the laboratory experiment.     

印染废水反渗透膜处理及回用技术

介绍了印染废水反渗透膜处理回用的原理、运作流程,并对膜处理产水进行了水质分析,评估其用于工厂生产的可行性。实践结果证明,印染废水经反渗透膜处理后含盐量和电导率大大降低,回用水的各项指标均达印染生产用水要求,可满足中高档印染产品的生产需要。     

"微滤+反渗透"工艺在处理垃圾渗滤液中的应用研究

采用"多孔陶瓷微滤+两级反渗透"工艺处理垃圾渗滤液.分别考察多孔陶瓷微滤膜、一级反渗透和二级反渗透对渗滤液COD、NH3-N、电导率及相应去除率与运行时间的关系,还重点考察了一级反渗透系统回收率控制及清洗周期和方法.研究结果表明:经过陶瓷微滤预处理后,出水的COD、NH3-N去除率、脱盐率分别维持在50.3%、30.2...